Internal combustion engine



a. 2Q, 1931. A. J. MICHAEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 13, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet l Gd. 20, 1931. J, EL

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 13, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. J. MICHAEL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 15, 1930 '3 sheets sheet 3 5: :1 iijzt r i atei1ted Oc t.20, 1931 i i it i 5 AR Nonnmfi/iicniimor r YIvrourrLvEmvioNr i' iNTE-RNALCdMBUSTiONENQINE' Y ApplicationwfiledwJ'anuary IS, 193a sefia1 ub.,420,57-9.

r This inventiona-elates to an internal. com-f. that the member 5 together With its connects; bustion-engine-ofthefourcydedouble act-o. in'g'rod l7, but without its head. 11, willbe ingtypet i e 5 A -fi i first insertedin the cylinderf The com '-A;drawback to;this type'of enginehasbeem pression head 6 is then inserted from above 1 5gthatl a erather great length of cylindere has. .intorthe interior; of member 5: and is bo1ted5 been required. 1 r totlie cylinder 4,. The:,head 111 is. then "An-tobjectpfthistinvention is torproduce, screwed into place. j I an engine of the.zdouble .actingjype'that Me beri5 comprises a cylindrical member shallinot be:excessive:'in.1ength.. I 7 hichvlis bored somewhat 0]? center to, pro-"' ;.2 Afurtherpbject (is to iCOIlStIillCt such. a; vide a comparatively thick Wall at *8. A 55 compact *enginerviniav.manner,thatl shall not channelf) is locatediin this Wall S starting V sacrificeany accessibility oif-the parts ofthe slightly abovethe groove QIand terminatingi engine I v V at the port lQ communicating with the inte- Other objects of my presentinvention will rior of the'memb'er 5 1Member'7 is tapped at mibe-apparenttothose:skilledzinrthe art from the upperend thereof to receive the threaded 6 the following; description and; appended head 1 1; Member 7 is provided with grooves claims, q I q 1 [1 v 12 at its upper endandheadll With-groove Inthe drawingsaccompanying thede'scripe 13 Each of the grooves 9', 12 and 13 is tion i adapted toreceive the usual piston ring.

: Fi'ggl,i e f fi e fg uverticalisection. The member 5 is-formed With ears lat its 65;

onef-,form.- -of engine-embodying my invem lower end 'provided'with the apertures 1'5 tion, r 'j' toreeeivethe Wrist pin 16 which. is furnished Fig.2 is a longitudinal vertica1yiewpart ith a bushing. Thiswrist pin carries the 7 1y. jn'isection ottvvo adjacentunits of the 'enconnectinggrod' 17 which transmits the power gine, v, o to'itheocrankshaft 18.; H g 's r Fig. 3 is. a sectiontakenaldng line 3-3 oi The member 6'' comprises a head portion 19 3' Fig; :1 andshowingtvvo adj.acent.units,f. ;.f and the two sidearms 20. The .head' 19 is Fig.4 isua perspe tive .vieW ,ofthe dua provided with grooves 2 1 to receive piston pistonqcylinderg, v I v rings. The arms 20 are tapped at their lower;

pression-head.: 7 membertito-the cylinder i. Spacercsegments -The; Water-jacket-engi e, block). is. pro-'- 230,230"are used-to properly space the mem-l vided-fiwith a combustion chamber25ati its. ber 6 from-the Walls. of cylinder 4 6 as 1m upperend and' another. combustionichamber allow the sides of member 5 toreciprocate'in rspectivev avievv. of ends at 22 toreceivebolts 23 Which'secure 7,5

3'-at-.-onesidethereof... Block'l visiboredtor the! p f It Will 10856611 a format-he cylinders .4. 1 Cylinder 4- receives the i sufiicient Space between e ar s- 0; thetpistonemember 15 .whichinturnis. bored to allow the. free movement of Wrist pin.16 toreceivethe-compressionfihead GyWhiChdS and-connecting rod.17.' I fastened to the cylindereeas. will be de- Combustion chamber 2 forms the upper Q-jscr ibed1atern I r V i v part of cylinderiand is provided Within- ThM- fthQ gim i r ovable, in th take and exhaust valves 26 .and 27 operated manner wellunderstood in internalicombus by the cam shaft 24;, A spark p1ug128'is lotionengiues, giving freeaccessto theinterior Gated in chamber 2. a p of theiengineac V 7 f Combustion chamberB adjacent one side of 5 Inassembliugthe engineitzis contemplated cylinde mmun ates With groove 9 and the interior of member 5 by port 29. At the upper end of the stroke of piston 5 the bottom of groove 9 is in alignment with port 29 while at thelower end of the travel of the piston the port 10 is in alignment with port 29. Chamber 3 is provided with intake and exhaust valves 30 and 31 operated from cam shaft 32. Chamber 3 is also provided with a spark plug33 which is carried by a metal plug 25 which screws into an opening 25'. This opening is ofsufficientsize so that, when the plug 25 is removed the interior of chamber 3 is easily accessible and valves 30 and 31 can be easily removed.

The operation of the, device is as follows In Fig. 1 it may be assumed that chamber 2 contains a charge of gas under compression and is at the upper end of its stroke. Memher 5 contains a charge of gas readytobe compressed. Thegas in chamber 2 is ignited by 28 whereupon. the charge is exploded forcing During this down the piston 5'downwardlv. stroke the gas n member 5 and combustion chamber 3 lS bBHIQ compressedsince both valves 30 and 31 are closed asis well understood. At the bottom of the strokeports 10.

and 29 are inalignment and the compressed is readilvexploded by ignition from plug 33. At this point exhaust valve 27' opens and when, as a resultof the explosion in chamberg. the member5 is forced upwardly the burned gases in cylinder 4: will be forced out past the valve 27. Due either to the usual flywheelor to power strokes of the other cylinders in the engine, the piston 5 is now drawn-l down. Exhaust valve 27, having closed and intake valve 26 having opened. a fresh charge of gas will be drawninto the cylinder 4. At the same time, the exhaust valve 31 having opened, the burned gases in member 5 will be forcedout past the valve 31. It will-be seen that due to the external channel 9and thepost 10. the interior of member 5 always communicates freely with chamber 3. Thus there isno undue resistance .to the expulsion of burned gases or to the admission of afresh charge of gas; On the, subsequent upward stroke the intake valve 26 closes. and thus the'charge in cylinder 4 s compressed. At the Sametime. exhaust valve 31 having closed and intake valve 30 having opened, a

fresh charge of gaswill he drawn intotcylin der 5. Thus during the four strokes or cyclesof the piston two power strokes occun. I The under side of both cylinders 4L and 5 being open to the crank case. in those engines whi ch utilize the splash system of lubricating the cvlipdcr walls. cylinder 4 il he lubr cated on the upstroke while cylinder 5 will I be lubricated on the down stroke by the splash from crank case 2. r v

It willbe seen that. due to the fact that the in erior wallof member 5 is only perforated at its upper end hvthe small port 10.

" it is necessary'to provide rings only at the "Having described my invention, I Cl an internalcombustion engine of the double acting type, the combination of a cylinder, a combined cylinder and piston member adapted'to reciprocate in said cylinder" and comprising aicylindrical member closed at one end, a longitudinal channel in theouter wallof said cylindrical memberv terminating in a port opening into the'interior of said cylindrical member, an intakeandex haust port. in the wall of said first-mentioned cylinder in alignment with said lchannel and said first-mentioned port and a stationary compression head within said"* combined cylinder and piston memben i ,2. In an internal combustion engine of'the double acting type, the combination of a cylinder, a, combined cylinder and piston member adapted to'reciproc'ate in said cylin der and comprising a cylindrical member" having a removable head at one end thereof, a longitudinal channelin the outer wall of saidcylindrical membenterminating in a port openinginto the interior of said cylin drica'l member. an intakeandexhaust port in 'memberiadapted to reciprocate in said-cylinder andcomprising a cylindrical member closed at one end, and adapted to'be connected to'a connecting rod at the other end, aport in theside wall. of said cylindrical member adjacent thei'closed end thereof anda longie tudinal channel in the outer 'side ofjsai'd wall extendingfrom said port, an intake and exha'ust port in the wall of said, first mentioned cylinder in alignment with said channel and saidfirst-mentioned port and a stationary compression head withinsaid' combined cylin der and piston member. v 4. In an internal combustion engine of the double acting type, a cylinder having a combustion chamber at oneend thereof. a second combustion chamberadjacent one side thereof and communicating with said cylinder by a port in thes'ide wall'of said cylinder, a

i is always in communication With said second combination piston and cylinder member comprising a cylinder closed atone end, a longitudinal channel in the outer wall ofsaid member terminating in a port opening into the interior of said member, said'channel and port being aligned with the port communicating With the second combustion chamber so that the interior of said member combustion chamber.

The foregoing specification signed at Lude 10W, Vermont, this twenty-eighth day of December, 1929.

' ARNOLD J. MICHAEL. 

